Demography of Enterprises and Statistics of Entrepreneurship

About - 2020

This publication describes the demographic pattern of the Brazilian formal enterprises, particularly entry, exit and survival movements in the market in 2020, as well as the profile of high-growth enterprises, due to their importance in the generation of salaried job posts, and of gazelle enterprises.

The approaches are based on the Central Register of Enterprises - Cempre and, in the case of the statistics of entrepreneurship, they are also based on information of the annual surveys by enterprise carried out by the IBGE in the areas of Trade, Construction, Industry and Services for high-growth enterprises, i.e., those with an average increase in the number of salaried employed persons equal or greater than 20% per year, for a period of three years, and with 10 or more salaried employed persons in the first year of observation.

The study Demography of Enterprises presents the entry, exit and survival rates, according to the size and economic activity of the enterprises. It also brings information about salaried employed personnel, according to sex and schooling, by type of demographic event; a study of the evolution of survival, up to 2020, of entities born in 2015; an evolution analysis of the mobility by size of those surviving since 2012; and considerations on the dynamics of entry and exit of local units of surviving enterprises, with an assessment of regional results, including on the survival of units born in 2010. Statistics of Entrepreneurship , in turn, focus on this subject through high-growth enterprises and gazelle enterprises, a subgroup comprising younger high-growth enterprises, between three and five years in the reference year. The analysis, according to the size and economic activity, describes the impact of these entities on the generation of salaried jobs in the period between 2017 and 2020, as well as their share in the gross value added, labor productivity and net revenue in relation to those with 10 or more salaried persons in 2020.

Both studies were produced in accordance with the concepts defined in the documents EUROSTAT-OECD Manual on business demography statistics and Measuring entrepreneurship: a collection of indicators, of the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development), which reflects the IBGE commitment with the international comparability of its statistics.

The publication includes technical notes with considerations on the methodological procedures used in this joint study, as well as a glossary with the terms and concepts considered relevant to the understanding of the results.

The complete table plan for both subjects is also made available on the IBGE web portal, including demographic events by Municipality of Capitals.

The combination of this information provides a valuable contribution to the governmental bodies and institutions of the civil society for developing and deepening other projects related to these subjects and, particularly, to the discussion on the dimension and importance of entrepreneurship in Brazil, an issue increasingly relevant in the economy, either at national or global level.

Complementary publications:
• Statistics of the Central Register of Enterprises

Tables - 2020

Information from CEMPRE

Enterprises

Table 1.1 (xlsx | ods)

Table 1.2 (xlsx | ods)

Table 1.3 (xlsx | ods)

Local Branches

Table 1.4 (xlsx | ods)

Table 1.5 (xlsx | ods)

Table 1.6 (xlsx | ods)

Generation of Job Posts

Table 1.7 (xlsx | ods)

Information from Structural Surveys

Table 2.1 (xlsx | ods)

Table Index

Chart 1 - presentation of tables by content (xlsx | ods)

Publications - 2020

Demografia das empresas e estatísticas de empreendedorismo : 2020 / IBGE, Coordenação de Cadastros e Classificações
Material type: Book
Year: 2022

Description

It describes the demographic pattern of the Brazilian formal enterprises, particularly entry, exit and survival movements in the market, as well as the socioeconomic profile of high-growth enterprises and gazelle enterprises, due to their importance in the generation of salaried job posts in the triennium. It should be highlighted that the definition of high-growth enterprises and gazelle enterprises adopted by the IBGE conform to the EUROSTAT-OECD Manual on Business Demography Statistics and Measuring Entrepreneurship: a Collection of Indicators documents, respectively published in 2007 and 2009: high-growth enterprises show an average increase in the salaried employed persons of at least 20% per year for a three-year period and have 10 or more salaried employed persons in the first year of observation; gazelle enterprises comprise a subgroup of high-growth enterprises, encompassing those with up to 5 years of age in the reference year.

The Demography of Enterprises study began in 2005, whereas the Statistics of Entrepreneurship study began in 2008, whose results were published in specific publications. Both studies were combined in a single publication as of the reference year of 2016, due to the similarity of the databases used in both studies and to the scope of the business entities, as well as to the need to optimize the IBGE resources aiming at the development of other thematic analyses. Both studies adopt the National Classification of Economic Activities - CNAE 2.0 and use the database of the IBGE´s Central Register of Enterprises - CEMPRE and, in the case of the statistics of entrepreneurship, they are also based on information of the annual surveys by enterprise carried out by the IBGE in the areas of Industry, Construction, Trade and Services.

The Demography of Enterprises study presents the entry, exit and survival rates, according to the size and economic activity of the enterprises. The Statistics of Entrepreneurship study focuses on the generation of formal salaried job posts by high-growth enterprises and their share in the gross value added, labor productivity and net revenue of the enterprises with 10 or more salaried persons.

The studies are annual and the geographic coverage, national. The entry, exit and survival movements of the enterprises are released for Brazil, Major Regions, Federation Units and Municipalities of the Capitals. The socioeconomic indicators of high-growth enterprises and gazelle enterprises are released for Brazil, Major Regions and Federation Units.

Technical Information

Methodological considerations on Demography of Enterprises and Statistics of Entrepreneurship can be obtained in the Technical notes chapter of its results publications.

News and Releases

In 2021, balance of enterprises getting in and out of the market grew for the third year in a row

The balance of enterprises that were in and out the market kept positive in 2021: 320.2 thousand. Despite...

26/10/2023

Despite the pandemic, number of companies in the market remains positive in 2020

The balance between companies entering and exiting the market remined positive in 2020: 192,0 thousand....

26/10/2022

Demography of Enterprises and Entrepreneurship 2019: balance between open and closed enterprises was positive after 5 years

After showing five negative balances between 2014 and 2018, the difference between the number of inbound...

22/10/2021

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Errata

Calendar error in the release of Demography of Enterprises and Statistics of Entrepreneurship 2022
Published date: 06/09/2024
Description:
Error due to non-compliance with the publication month (October) of Demography of Enterprises and Entrepreneurship Statistics 2022, according to the calendar made available in December 2023. The postponement was necessary because of the longer time required to carry out the study, due to the break in the data series, released on June 20, 2024, used as a source for producing the statistics for this publication. In particular, because the “Demography of Enterprises” methodology for identifying demographic events of entry, exit and survival, and other important variables present in the aforementioned publication, by definition, depend on historical information to be identified. The new results of the publication were rescheduled to be released in December of the same year.

Actions: The release calendar was altered.

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Amendment of errors detected in ranking of relative share of gazelle enterprises in "Demography of Enterprises and Statistics of Entrepreneurship"
Published date: 04/12/2020
Description:
Errors in the content of Graph 29 related to the relative share of section Q Human Health and Social Services in 2016-2018; and, consequently, errors in the position occupied by this section and other sections. Errors were also detected in the first and second paragraphs of page 68, because they make reference to the data of this graph.

The error occurred when the information was linked to the Excel spreadsheets.

Actions: Errors were amended and files replaced.

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Links

Brazil in summary

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística