Released today (10) by the IBGE, the Systematic Survey of Agricultural Production reveals that the national harvest of cereals, legumes and oilseeds should add up to 333.3 million tonnes in 2025. The figure is 13.9% or 40.6 million tonnes higher than that of the harvest obtained in 2024 (292.7 million tonnes). Compared with May, the estimate registered a rise of 0.2%, an increase of 698.6 thousand tonnes. 

The area to be harvested this year is expected to reach 81.2 million hectares, which means an increase of 2.7% (2.1 million hectares) from the area harvested in 2024. Compared with the previous month, the area to be harvested increased 15.3 thousand hectares (0.0%).

"The June estimate for the 2025 harvest is a record in the IBGE´s time series. The growth of the Brazilian harvest of cereals, legumes and oilseeds compared to 2024 is a consequence of increasing the planted area and the productivity of the main crops, since, with the exception of Rio Grande do Sul, the climate in the second half of 2024 and during the year 2025 favored crops in the main Federation Units,” explains the LSPA manager, Carlos Barradas. 

Compared with May, the major positive highlights of the 2025 harvest are the growth in the estimates of the output of corn (131.4 million tonnes), coffea canephora (1.2 million tonnes or 20.0 million 60-kg sacks), barley (545.9 thousand tonnes) and upland cottonseed (9.3 million tonnes). Rice, corn and soybeans represent 92.6% of the estimated output and account for 88.0% of the harvested area. Compared with 2024, the estimated production of upland cottonseed (5.3%), rice (16.0%), beans (4.2%), soybeans (13.9%), corn (14.6%, being 13.4% for corn - 1st crop and 14.8% for corn - 2nd crop), sorghum (9.0%) and wheat (5.9%) increased.

Concerning the area to be harvested in relation to 2024, a growth of 5.6% was registered in upland cottonseed, 11.4% in paddy rice, 3.3% in soybeans, 3.3% in corn (decline of 4.1% in corn - 1st crop and growth of 5.4% in corn - 2nd crop), and 5.5% in sorghum. On the other hand, the areas of beans (-5.0%) and wheat (-14.7) reduced.

The estimated production of cereals, legumes and oilseeds in June showed a positive annual change for all the Brazilian regions: Central-West (17.5%), South (8.2%), Southeast (14.7%), Northeast (9.2%) and North (15.2%). Regarding the monthly change, the North (0.6%), Northeast (0.4%) and South (0.5%) increased. The Southeast (0.0%) and Central-West (0.0%) maintained the estimates from the previous month.

In relation to May, the main increases in the output estimates were due to barley (30.3% or 126 900 t), coffea canephora (10.8% or 117 295 t), oat (1.2% or 15 800 t), upland cottonseed (0.8% or 76 469 t), coffea arabica (0.8% or 17 081 t), corn - 1st crop (0.6% or 153 684 t), corn - 2nd crop (0.4% or 430 594 t) and beans - 3rd crop (0.0% or 53 t).

In contrast, the estimated output of beans - 2nd crop (-0.7% or -8 957 t), wheat (-0.6% or -48 700 t), beans - 1st crop (-0.4% or -5 138 t) and soybeans (0.0% or -11 744 t) dropped.

“The increase in the production estimate of oat and barley is due to the fear of producers to cultivate wheat, as in recent years the climate has not benefited the crops of this cereal, which still has the disadvantage of the need to be harvested with minimal quality to be marketed at more compensating prices. On the other hand, the growth of corn production can be explained by the increase in the planted area and in the productivity in the current harvest, as the climate benefited the crops, when compared with the previous year. Moreover, at the time of corn planting prices were more compensating, which did not happen in the 2024 harvest, making producers to invest more in the culture. Other highlights of the Brazilian grain crop in 2025 are soybeans, whose crops had excellent development in the main Federation Units, and upland cottonseed,” adds Barradas.

With a share of 31.5%, Mato Grosso once again leads the national output of grains

Mato Grosso leads as the biggest national grain producer, with a share of 31.5%, followed by Paraná (13.6%), Goiás (11.6%), Rio Grande do Sul (9.7%), Mato Grosso do Sul (7.6%) and Minas Gerais (5.5%), which, together, accounted for 79.5% of the total. Regarding the participation of the Brazilian regions, the panorama is as follows: Central-West (51.0%), South (25.4%), Southeast (8.9%), Northeast (8.4%) and North (6.3%).

The main positive changes in the production estimates, compared with the previous month, occurred in Paraná (447 100 t), Bahia (177 648 t), Tocantins (108 880 t), Rondônia (12 350 t), Espírito Santo (4 460 t), Amazonas (623 t) and Rio de Janeiro (38 t). The main negative variations were observed in Pernambuco (-16 142 t), Ceará (-15 276 t), Sergipe (-9 674 t), Maranhão (-5 334 t), Rio Grande do Norte (-3 814 t), Alagoas (-1 552 t) and Amapá (-680 t).

About the LSPA

Launched in November 1972 aiming at addressing the demand of users for monthly short-term statistical information, the LSPA provides estimates of planted area, harvested area, amount produced and average yield of products selected based on criteria of economic and social importance for Brazil. It does not only monitor each crop investigated in the calendar year of reference, from the intention to plant up to the end of the harvest, but also presents the harvest forecast for the coming year, with surveys in the months of October, November and December. Please access the data on Sidra. The next release of the LSPA, related to July, will be on August 14.