Brazil's National Consumer Price Index 15 (IPCA-15) was 0.89% in April, 0.45 percentage points (pp) higher than March's result (0.44%). Year-to-date, the IPCA-15 has accumulated an increase of 2.39%, and over the last 12 months, 4.37%, above the 3.90% observed in the preceding 12 months. In April 2025, the rate had been 0.43%.

Of the nine product and service groups surveyed, Food and beverages stand out with the largest change (1.46%) and impact (0.31 pp), followed by Transportation (1.34% and 0.27 pp). Together, these two groups account for 65% of the month's index. Health and personal care (0.93% and 0.13 pp) had the third largest influence on the overall result. The remaining changes ranged from 0.05% for Education to 0.76% for Wearing apparel.

In the Food and Beverages group (1.46%), food at home accelerated from 1.10% in March to 1.77% in April. Contributing to this result were increases in carrots (25.43%), onions (16.54%), long-life milk (16.33%), tomatoes (13.76%), and meat (1.14%). Among the decreases, apples (-4.76%) and ground coffee (-1.58%) stood out.

Food away from home (0.70%) accelerated compared to March (0.35%), due to increases in snacks (0.87%) and meals (0.65%), which had registered increases of 0.50% and 0.31%, respectively, in March.

The change in the Transportation group accelerated from March (0.21%) to April (1.34%), driven by the increase in fuel prices (from -0.03% to 6.06% in the same period). Gasoline, which registered a decrease of 0.08% in March, increased by 6.23% in April, being the main individual impact on the month's index (0.32 pp). Also noteworthy is the increase in diesel fuel, which went from 3.77% in March to 16.00% and had a 0.04 pp impact in April. Ethanol rose 2.17% and vehicular gas decreased by 1.55%.

The airfare sub-item slowed from 5.94% in March to -14.32% in April, and the result for the urban bus sub-item (0.44%) considers the incorporation of the 6.00% fare increase in Porto Alegre (0.95%), effective from February 19th. Furthermore, regarding urban buses, changes occurred due to free or reduced fares on Sundays in: São Paulo (1.56%), Salvador (0.73%), and Fortaleza (-0.19%), with reductions or free fares also on holidays in Brasília (9.11%), Belém (-2.31%), Belo Horizonte (-2.45%), and Curitiba (0.55%).

The taxi sub-item (0.08%) reflects the 4.26% readjustment in Porto Alegre (0.76%) starting on February 19th, and in the subway (0.53%), the 9.11% change in Brasília was appropriated, due to free fares on Sundays and holidays. In intercity buses (0.14%), the increase of 7.27% in Curitiba (4.39%), since February 16th, and 8.18% in Porto Alegre (1.03%), starting on April 8th, are included. In the public transportation integration (0.90%), a change of 0.90% was recorded in São Paulo, due to free fare service on Sundays.

In Health and personal care (0.93%), the result was influenced by personal hygiene items (1.32%), pharmaceutical products (1.16%), after the authorization of a rise of up to 3.81% in drug prices, starting April 1st, and by health insurance plans (0.49%).

In the Housing group, which accelerated from 0.24% in March to 0.42% in April, the result for residential electricity was 0.68%, compared to 0.29% in March, and includes the increases of 6.92% and 14.66% in the tariffs of the concessionaires in Rio de Janeiro (6.50%), starting March 15th. The green tariff flag remained in effect for the month, with no additional cost for consumers. The water and sewage fee (0.24%) absorbs the rises of 6.21% in one of the concessionaires in Porto Alegre (0.89%), effective since February 23, and 4.80% in Goiânia (2.48%), since April 1.

Regarding regional indices, the largest change was recorded in Belém (1.46%), due to increases in açaí (12.79%) and gasoline (9.33%). The lowest result occurred in Brasília (0.41%), which showed a decrease in airfare prices (-10.88%) and pharmaceutical products (-0.61%).

For the calculation of the IPCA-15, prices were collected between March 18 and April 15, 2026 (reference period) and compared with those in effect from February 13 to March 17, 2026 (base period). The indicator refers to families with incomes ranging from 1 to 40 minimum wages and covers the Metropolitan Areas of Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Belo Horizonte, Recife, São Paulo, Belém, Fortaleza, Salvador, and Curitiba, as well as Brasília and the municipality of Goiânia. The methodology used is the same as that of the IPCA, the difference being the period of price collection and the geographical scope. The next release of the IPCA-15 will be on May 27, 2026.